Turbografix 16 the beginning Essay Example For Students

Turbografix 16 the beginning Essay In Japan, shortly after the introduction of Nintendos Famicom (Japans version of the NES), the electronics giant NEC entered into the videogame market with the introduction of their next generation system, known as the PC Engine (PCE). The PCE boasted a 16-bit graphics chip capable of displaying up to 256 colors on screen at once, at a number of resolutions. Although its CPU wasnt much more powerful that of the NES, its spectacular graphics chip and six-channel sound bettered the Famicom in every way. It utilized a sleek new card format (PCE games are either HuCards or Turbochips) to hold its software, rather than bulky cartridges. It was also the first console to boast a CD-ROM drive, for full orchestral soundtracks and even (gasp!) full motion video. The PC Engine was immensely popular in Japan, outselling the Famicom by a significant margin. We will write a custom essay on Turbografix 16 the beginning specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In 1989, two years after its Japanese introduction, NEC announced plans to bring the PC Engine overseas, to the booming videogame market of the U.S. With a huge library of Japanese software, it seemed to many as though the system couldnt possibly fail. At the time, the NES was the #1 system in the US. Games were no longer being made for Ataris 7800, and despite the popularity of the Sega Master System in Europe, it failed to capture the hearts of the U.S. gaming public. Arcade and computer games began to set new standards in visual and aural excellence, making the NES seem primitive in comparison. Although MMC (memory mapper) chips allowed the NES to do some pretty spectacular things, the game-buying public was hungry for a new system. Shortly after NEC stated its intention to bring the PC Engine to the U.S., Sega announced that its Mega Drive system (released in Japan a year after the PC Engine) would also be coming to the U.S. as the Sega Genesis. The Mega Drive was slow to catch on in Japan, as the installed user base of PC Engine was so large. In fact, the Mega Drive was spectacularly unpopular with our Japanese friends. Although the Mega Drive boasted superior graphics and sound, the absence of a CD-ROM drive was a definite minus in most gamers minds. Once youve played a CD-ROM game, cartridge games just dont seem as good. At the time, the Genesis didnt seem like much of a threat to the assured success of the TurboGrafx-16 (NECs American name for the PC Engine). The TG-16 had more games, and it took advantage of the massive storage capacity of CD-ROM. The stage was set for the battle of the next generation systems, and in Christmas of 1989 the war began. Sales of both machines were brisk, due to massive national ad campaigns by both Sega and NEC. Sega had its library of arcade hits to back up the Genesis, and the original release of the system boasted the mediocre, but arcade-popular Altered Beast as its pack-in game. Although Altered Beast is just slightly better than terrible, the TG-16s pack-in game (Keith Courage in Alpha Zones), made Altered Beast look like a triumph of video game engineering. To Segas credit, it released the excellent Phantasy Star 2 soon after the Genesis introduction, much to the delight of RPG fans. Conversely, it would be over a year before the TG-16 had its first true RPG. Word began to spread that the TG-16 was not a true 16-bit system, as its CPU was only 8-bit. Though the TurboGrafx had no trouble holding its own against the Genesis as far as graphics, as far as sound and speed are concerned, it was somehow inferior in the minds of many gamers.

Chapter 19 Industrialization and Nationalism Essays

Chapter 19 Industrialization and Nationalism Essays Chapter 19 Industrialization and Nationalism Paper Chapter 19 Industrialization and Nationalism Paper Essay Topic: Literature The realist novels of Flaubert and Dickens criticized aspects of 19th century life and conditions. Louis Pasteur proposed the germ theory of disease. Romantic painters aimed to mirror the artists imagination What do the writers Scott, Shelley, Poe and Wordsworth have in common? They were all romantic writers. Through music, literature, and painting, the romantic artists attempted to stir the emotions. The theory that life forms developed from simpler forms organic evolution indifference to religion secularization theory that some organisms are more adaptable natural selection Literary movement that stressed ordinary characters and precise description realism emphasis on using feelings and emotions over reason. romanticism. seekers of new business opportunities entrepreneurs money supply capital production method using rural at home workers cottage industry governmental ownership and control of production. Socialism invention that improved thread production spinning jenny A powerful monarchy did not contribute to Britains Industrial Revolution. The textile industry met its last major challenge to full mechanization. with the development and improvements to the steam engine. The spread of the factory system resulted in the movement away from home production, the need for more power, and increased exports of British cotton goods. The Industrial Revolution created new jobs in railroad construction, coal mining, and factory production. James Watt improved the steam engine. Metternich claimed, after Napoleons defeat, that lawful monarchs should be restored to power. After Napoleon, France was governed until 1830 by a king The peace settlement that followed the defeat of Napoleon was developed at the Congress of Vienna. Which of the following was the first president of the 2nd Republic in France? Louis-Napoleon In 1848 revolutions took place in France, Germany and Italy. Collection of different peoples under the same government, as in the Austrian Empire a multi-national state. voting rights for all adult men universal male suffrage belief that people should be free from government restaint liberalism right of powerful countries to maintain order throughout Europe Principle of intervention belief in tradition and social stability conservatism German word for emperor Kaiser Bismarcks theory of practical, as opposed to idealistic, governance realpolitik reliance on military strength militarism law that freed the Russian serfs emancipation edict withdraw from or choose not to be part of secede The Compromise of 1867 created the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary, created a single monarch to govern Austria-Hungary, and established a common Austrian-Hungarian Army. Louis-Napoleon assumed the title of Napoleon III, Emperor of France and at first he limited civil liberties. Which of the following was a major threat to American national unity during the 19th century Slavery Bismarck faced opposition from Austria, France and the legislature. Britain avoided any form of revolution in 1848 by giving the industrial middle class the vote.

The Best AP US History Textbooks, Reviewed

The Best AP US History Textbooks, Reviewed SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips What are the best AP US History textbooks you can buy? Which ones should you use in your course and exam studying? We’ll cover the most popular books, as well as books to consider if you’re self-studying or on a budget. Read on if you’re looking to get your own AP US History textbook! First: Don’t Rush to Buy Your Own Textbook There are many textbooks that College Board has approved for AP US History. Even if your teacher is using a less popular textbook, as long as it’s on this list, it will still have the info needed for AP US History. I also highly recommend getting an APUSH prep book in the early spring to help you study – the prep book will review everything on the APUSH test but with less detail than a textbook, which will help you remember the most crucial facts, dates, people, and movements. The prep books will also help you prepare for the time periods and themes that appear on the APUSH test. That said, if you’re self-studying for the test, or your class doesn’t use a textbook and you want one, or you’re an instructor, these are some great AP US History textbooks you can consider. Most Popular: The American Pageant When I got to Stanford, whenever AP US History came up in conversation (an occurrence that happened more than once, since we were nerds!) everyone around me would start reminiscing about this textbook. It seemed like everyone but me had read this textbook in high school! My high school didn’t use it, so I didn’t understand what all the fuss was about. Turns out, The American Pageant is known as one of the most well-written, readable textbooks on any subject, and it’s a favorite among high school teachers for AP US History, with by far the most buzz online. One of its main criticisms is also one of its benefits: it’s written almost like a novel, rather than a textbook, so people who prefer something more straightforward don’t always love it. To take a brief example, this is what The American Pageant section introducing Christopher Columbus reads like: "Onto this stage stepped Christopher Columbus. This skilled Italian seafare persuaded the Spanish monarchs to outfit him with three tiny but seaworthy ships, manned by a motley crew. Daringly, he unfurled the sailors of his cockleshell craft and headed westward. His superstitious sailors, fearful of venturing in the oceanic unknown, grew increasingly mutinous. After six weeks at sea, failure loomed when, on October 12, 1492, the crew sighted an island in the Bahamas. A new world thus swam within the vision of Europeans." It reads like a novel! A more straightforward textbook introduction of Columbus (from Making America) reads like this: "Eager to capitalize on the new technology and knowledge, Christopher Columbus, an ambitious sailor from the Italian port city of Genoa, approached John II of Portugal in 1484 and asked him to support a voyage westward from Portugal, to the East Indies. The king refused when his geographers warned that Columbus has underestimated the distance. Undeterred, Columbus peddled his idea to various European governments over the next several years but found no one willing to take the risk. Finally, in 1492, Ferdinand and Isabella's defeat of the Moors provided Columbus with an opportunity." So even though The American Pageant certainly comes off as a bit flowery, it reads more smoothly and memorably than the more straightforward textbook version. But beyond the language, Pageant has all of the facts, and helps you make connections between different periods in US history. The connection-making is really useful for the APUSH test. The essays will ask you to make connections between time periods and trends, so just knowing the basic facts of what happened when won't help you. The American Pageant will prepare you by explaining and analyzing those connections and trends throughout the book. (If you want a quick, straigthforward overview of the events, by the way, you can get it from a APUSH prep book later in the year.) In short, this is a solid pick for any student or if you’re a teacher trying to decide which textbook to use for your class. Best Bet for Self-Studying: Making America This was the textbook I used for my AP US History class back in high school, and I got a 5 on the AP exam (read more about AP scoring here). This isn’t as novel-esque as the American Pageant (see the quote above), so it’s less fun to read, but I still found it very readable, detailed, and clear. Plus, it's sometimes used for college courses about US History, which speaks to its quality. You can also get it in a slightly abbreviated form (meaning fewer pictures and maps) but with all the same content, for a decent price given it’s a textbook. You could also consider an older edition if you want to save more money. If you’re self-studying, this is a great choice because of how clear the chronology is. Since you won’t have a teacher to explain the different periods in US history and why the chronology is divided up like it is, a textbook that lays all of this out quite clearly will be crucial to help you understand American history. If you can get a solid understanding of what happened when (for example, "the Constitution was ratified in 1788"), it will be much easier to start connecting events to a larger discussion of historical themes in an essay ("the ratification of the Constitution ended a period of uncertainty following the Revolutionary War"). I also really like the summaries at the end of each chapter as well as the discussion questions. Both tools help the info sink in. Again, if you’re self-studying, this built-in review is a great feature. This is a really clear book that has all the info and solid tools to help you review. Best Budget Choice: The Unfinished Nation The Unfinished Nation is a solid, readable textbook that you can buy for between $20 and $30 used (including shipping!), which is amazing deal for a great textbook. While it’s chronological, it also clearly emphasizes social and political movements, which is really helpful for APUSH essay questions, which require you to make connections across time periods. The book also includes a pull-out timeline and map which you can use to help get places and dates straight in your head. The Unfinished Nation has a clear narrative voice, and while it isn't as novel-like as The American Pageant, it is also really interesting to read. If you need to buy an AP textbook for yourself, this is a great one to consider. Best for the Recent AP US History Redesign and Exam Prep: America’s History If you’re going to be teaching AP US History or just want a textbook that matches up with College Board’s specific course goals, this is a great choice. This textbook matches up with the new APUSH objectives from College Board and uses the same chronological divisions, which is really helpful for when you’re studying for the exam. While, as we mentioned above, while there is a long list of APUSH textbooks College Board has approved, this one was written specifically for the AP US History course. Many of the other textbooks on the list are also used for general US History courses – both at the high school and college level – and the authors feel free to use time period divisions that make the most sense to them, rather than the ones that match up exactly with the AP US History course guidelines. So teachers often have to bridge the small gaps between their textbooks and the AP US History guidelines. In contrast, this book was written specifically to match up with the AP US History guidelines, including the new course objectives College Board came up with as of 2014-15. This edition also features many first-hand documents (like the founding documents and supreme court decisions) to give you more practice at using primary sources, which is emphasized heavily in the new AP US History course description. America’s History also comes with an online quiz feature which will help you prep for the APUSH's exam multiple choice section. To sum up, this is a great choice if you’re worried about being ready for the AP test in May (or getting students ready!). What’s Next? Did you know many colleges also require you to have taken SAT subject tests as well? Learn which colleges require SAT subject tests – if you’re taking AP US History you should take the US History Subject Test! Also taking the SAT/ ACT? Find out when you should take the SAT for the first time (ACT version here), or whether or not you should retake the SAT/ACT. Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Mathematics and National Curriculum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Mathematics and National Curriculum - Essay Example This difference in the opinions enables the abstract mathematics intellect to perform mathematical operations for the sake of mathematics itself, and to use mathematics as a tool to actually resolve the real problems. According to Kister, mathematics has grown into a tremendous structure constituting more than sixty classes of mathematical activities (Kister, 1992). The ideologies of mathematics possess a distinctly extensive verve. For instance, the Babylonian explanation for quadratic equations holds the same significance as it had past 4,000 years (The Georgia Framework, 1996). In the vein of other sciences, mathematics imitates the decrees of the material vicinity around us and serves as an authoritative instructional implement for comprehending nature. Nevertheless, mathematics is yet again classified by its autonomy from the material world. The intangible behavior of mathematics gave rise in relic to the essential difference in opinions of mathematics as a substance of discours e and also as an element for implementation. Mathematical notions are long-lasting and keep on expanding with time. New mathematical notions are developed on the other, bigger mathematical notions or propositions (The Georgia Framework, 1996). Equivalence can be brought in to existence to incessant improvisation where recent practices can be enhanced upon, provided with innovative efforts and time. More often than not, improvisation does not take place without attempting, and it quintessentially doesn't crop up swiftly. Too often, the problems are resolved, and new-fangled arenas of mathematics produced by gaping at getting on problems in new ways. A centralized way of examination in abstract mathematics is recognizing in each field of study a small set of foundation notions and regulations from which all the other appealing ideologies and regulations in that area can be rationally inferred. In the vein of other scientists, mathematicians are meticulously delighted when the earlier disparate parts of mathematics happened to be derived from one another, or from some more common abstract. Fraction of the sense of aesthetic which many people have imagined in mathematics lies not in the location of the paramount elaborateness or intricacy but on the divergence, in locating the economy and straightforwardness in apex of delineation and testimony, with the progress of mathematics, supplementary associations have been found amongst the parts of it which have been growing dissimilarly. These uncanny associations allow the thoughtfulness to be developed in to the several parts so that they, collaboratively, reinforce the conviction in t he corrigibility and fundamental alikeness of the entire anatomy. According to Smith, the significance or importance of Mathematics is for its own sake, for the reason that it is a universal language and sagacious implement-kit for

Industry Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Industry Analysis - Assignment Example n as Porter’s Five Forces Analysis, pertains to a framework for the analysis of the industry and the development of the business strategy given in 1979 by Michael E. Porter (Porter, 2008). It comprises of the five forces which elaborate upon the competitive intensity and thus, determine the attractiveness of a market. The five elements of the industry analysis are explained below: The entry of the new firms into market can be blocked in many ways. For instance, low-cost manufacturing or technological advancements can be few of the many barriers for the businesses. Besides this, there are political barriers which block the entry of businesses into the international markets (Marvin, 1987). For example, the bagel industry in US experienced the flood of new companies entering the industry in 1996, which caused a sharp decline in the profit aspect of the industry. This diminished the attractiveness of the industry. One of the other features of the industry analysis includes the barriers to exit. It comprises of the legal obstacles, or the strategic significance which stops the business from leaving a market at the proper time. An example can be the case of European oil industry. The exit barriers in the industry have been the outcome of environmental cleanup, high costs of dismantles refineries, and employee layoffs. Due to these factors, a very low level of profits exists which is the result of a persistent projection of extra capacity. In an industry, the businesses operate in two types of markets: the market for outputs and the market for inputs. The transactions in both markets take place which are a source of value-creation for both suppliers and buyers. There are large customer groups which are equipped with the power to negotiate on better terms of trade and bargain on price. Moreover, they can switch the suppliers thus, increasing the market competitiveness. For example, in a pharmaceutical industry, the buying power is low. Due to the patent protection,

Consultant’s Skills Essay Example for Free

Consultant’s Skills Essay In the corporate world, there is always a need to structure the best possible process of production. In this integral approach, a consultant’s skills can be utilized in order to provide a different or better insight about the needs of the company as well as to guide it for a better path of development.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A consultant is someone who has gained expertise about a particular field of study, research or work. He provides an advice in order to proceed with a particular action (Wikipedia, 2007). In this aspect, consultants are invited in most company functions to share his thoughts and assumptions about a certain business dilemma. Of course, these assumptions do not always reflect that of an enterprise solution but can also be used for some research and development principles.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are several responsibilities that a consultant needs to accomplish for a company. First, he needs to provide the most effective ways of dealing with a problem to the fullest of his knowledge. Second, he should communicate in the best possible way, probably in layman’s terms, what he thinks is the best approach in getting a resolution for a particular concern. Third, he must have quite a number of credible materials or resources that he can present to support his claims. Of course, there should be minimal questions about his skills since the company has hired him to become a consultant. But in order to gain a wider perspective of his talents, supporting materials must be available.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There is a general classification of consultants, the internal and external ones. The main difference between the two can be identified on the way their skills are used for the company processes. It may be thought that external consultants work as freelancers who may then be regarded as a â€Å"contractor† (Friedl) while the internal counterpart is an in-house consultant engaged in direct company decisions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On the aspect of contributions, there might be a slight difference between the two categories. Internal consultants are more exposed to company operations which is of great advantage in sending information efficiently and in a faster way. They can utilize the core skills needed for a resolution (Robertson). On the other hand, external consultants may also provide the same quality of logical problem solving but it would probably take longer since he needs to first see the big picture of the problem before coming up with a solution. References Friedl, S. N.D. â€Å"So you want to be a consultant?† Unixwiz. Retrieved January 11, 2008 from http://unixwiz.net/techtips/be-consultant.html. Robertson, S. N.D. Experiences in Growing Internal Consultants with Object-oriented Skills. The Atlantic Systems Guild. Retrieved January 11, 2008 from http://www.systemsguild.com/GuildSite/SQR/internal_Consultants.html. Wikipedia. 2007. Consultant. Wikipedia-The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 11, 2008 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consultant.

John F Kennedy :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Across the centuries and across the continents, important figures have played key roles in the upbringing of our beloved America. As a country we have grown through the strengths of many people. John F. Kennedy has made his mark in America’s political and social society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the histories plains of the state of Massachusetts, May 29, 1917 marked an important day in history. The birth of America’s 35th president: John Fitzgerald Kennedy. Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, his mother, would bear four boys and five girls. â€Å"She kept note cards for each of them in a small wooden file box and made a point of writing down everything from a doctor’s visit to the shoe size they had at a particular age (Menendez). John’s father, Joseph Patrick Kennedy, was appointed United States Ambassador to England and moved their with the family. There was always something going on in the Kennedy family. During the summer, the Kennedy children’s childhoods consisted of rendezvous’ to their summer home in cape cod. Jack attended a boarding school for boys named Choate. He was very popular with the other boys, though his head master once quoted, â€Å"He wasn’t the best student† (Menendez). In 1936, John graduat ed from Choate, where he ventured into his first year at Harvard, where his brother Joe was already a student.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After graduating from Harvard, John joined the Navy with his brother. Jack was made Lieutenant and assigned to the South Pacific as commander of a patrol torpedo boat, the PT-109. Lieutenant Kennedy had a crew of twelve men whose mission was to stop the enemy Japanese ships from delivering supplies to their soldiers. On August 2, 1943, Kennedy and his crew were patrolling the waters looking for enemy ships to sink and suddenly a Japanese destroyer traveling at full speed towards them became visible. With Kennedy at the wheel, he tried his best to veer sharply out of the way, but time proved no friend to him. The destroyer cut the PT – 109 straight in half and killed two of Kennedy’s men. With John’s keen and clever tactics he was able to get the surviving men to an island and get help. â€Å" Kennedy’s political apprenticeship began when he sought the nomination for the eleventh congressional district in the Democratic Party primary of Massachusetts† ( Silvestri 03 ). As the years went on, John F. Kennedy, a Democrat, served three terms in the House of Representatives, and in 1952 he was elected to the U.

Eudora Welty Essay

The word determination is defined as, â€Å"the act of coming to a decision or of fixing or settling a purpose.† Will-power is, â€Å"the strength or will to carry out one’s decisions, wishes, or plans.† In the short story A Worn Path by Eudora Welty, the main character Phoenix carried out the meaning of these two words throughout the whole story. She had experienced many road blocks during her journey, but she did not let them stop her from reaching the goal she had at the time. In the story, Phoenix is a very old woman who needed to go to town to get medicine for her sick grandson. She overcame obstacles that were both physical and mental throughout the course of the story. Her courage and devotion to her grandson showed that she was willing to go the extra mile to make sure that her grandson was okay. This was not only because she cared for him, but because she loved him. Phoenix encountered many obstacles during her journey to town and one of them was getting through the thorn bush. As she was walking down the path her dress had got caught. A worn path: literary analysis Literary Analysis Arising out of the ashes the phoenix came back to life again. In Greek mythology the phoenix is the symbol for idealism and hope. It falls only to arise and live again. The main character of Eudora Welty’s short story, â€Å"A Worn Path†, is much like this phoenix. She must overc Premium 508 Words 3 Pages Never give up: a character analysis of phoenix from welty’s â€Å"a worn path† Never Give Up: A Character Analysis of Phoenix from Welty’s â€Å"A Worn Path† By STUDENT NAME Professor NAME CLASS NAME DATE Outline Thesis statement: In â€Å"A Worn Path† by Eudora Welty, Phoenix Jackson displays extraordinary perseverance in the face of difficulty, which ultimatel Premium 971 Words 4 Pages Analysis of a short story a worn path by eudora welty Analysis of a short story â€Å"A Worn Path† by Eudora Welty. Lit.1 Characters: Phoenix Jackson : Is the protagonist of the story. She is described in vivid colors, suggesting her lively nature: she wears a red rag in her hair and her skin is described as â€Å"yellow,† â€Å"golden† Premium 1151 Words 5 Pages Character analysis-a worn path A Woman of Amazing Character Will-power and determination plays a major role when it comes to people accomplishing goals and performing the tasks they are given. When a person possesses these two qualities they are motivated, focused, will not give up easily, determined along with many other thi Premium 907 Words 4 Pages Literary analysis on â€Å"a worn path† Literary Analysis on â€Å"A Worn Path† In â€Å"A Worn Path† by Eudora Welty, the protagonist Phoenix Jackson helps portray the theme that people will do anything for whom they love. Everyday people are going out of their way to make either a theoretical or literal journey to help someone they love. In the Premium 407 Words 2 Pages The Worn Path analysis In the story â€Å"A Worn Path†, there is a repetitive comparison between the main character and a mythological creature. The author Eudora Welty chooses Phoenix Jackson to symbolize through color, her appearance, behavior and overall journey a Phoenix bird. The author gives description to†¦ Premium 387 Words 2 Pages Literary Analysis of The Worn Path In the Worn Path, by Eudora Welty, the placement consorts with the time to create an environment which hinders Phoenix’s progress but reinstates dedication and persistence into her journey. During the establishment of the setting, the first description is, â€Å"It was December—a bright†¦ Premium 294 Words 2 Pages Worn path WORN PATH Eudora Welty brings the story, â€Å"A Worn Path†, to life through the use of the character Phoenix Jackson and symbols. This story detail’s an elderly Negro woman’s journey to town, on a mission of love. Phoenix Jackson, an elderly Negro women is frail, old, and Premium 914 Words 4 Pages A worn path essay 6 A Worn Path Detail of an elderly Negro woman’s journey from deep in the country to town, the while on mission of love. Phoenix Jackson, an elderly Negro women who is frail, old and has many handicaps, she lived during trying times and because of her race, faced many challenges while growing up Premium 862 Words 4 Pages A worn path: racial prejudice is rampant and out of control In the story A Worn Path, Eudora Welty shows an old woman living in a time period where racial prejudice is rampant and out of control. Phoenix Jackson is a grandmother whose only motivation for living is to nurture her grandson back to health. The strength of love may make people do or say unusua Premium 997 Words 4 Pages A worn path Eudora Welty’s â€Å"A Worn Path† is a story that emphasizes the natural symbolism of the surroundings. The main character in the story, Phoenix Jackson, is an old black woman who seeks out to find medicine for her sick nephew. This story contains a motif, which is the continuous walk Premium 1208 Words 5 Pages A worn path: the modern short story In the modern short story, Eudora Welty clearly develops Phoenix Jackson as a main character who indirectly manipulates other people. Phoenix, as the speaker in â€Å"A Worn Path† holds the status of an old Negro woman who continues the everyday cycle of life. Although, in reality Phoenix is an average h Premium 665 Words 3 Pages A worn path by eudora welty Ordeal of Devotion In â€Å"A Worn Path† by Eudora Welty an elderly African American woman named Phoenix Jackson picks a cold December day to make yet another perilous journey to a near by city to get medicine for her ailing grandson. On the way this ninety-year-old woman faces many obstacles, both natu Premium 985 Words 4 Pages A worn path essay 5 Eudora Welty’s â€Å"A Worn Path† is a story that emphasizes the natural symbolism of the surroundings. As the story begins, we are introduced to our main character, Phoenix Jackson; she is described as a small, old Negro woman. I believe that the name Eudora Welty gives our main character is very symbo Premium 1346 Words 6 Pages A worn path: a tattered trail A Tattered Trail â€Å"A Worn Path† by Eudora Welty, is the tale of the unstoppable love and care of a grandmother for her grandchild. The main character in the story, Phoenix Jackson, is an old black woman who makes a long journey into town to get medicine for her ill grandson. Despite the many ob Premium 840 Words 4 Pages Eudora welty: worn path, visit of charity Eudora Welty The are only so many ways an author may sum up the course of a human life within just a few pages. Eudora Welty has the awesome talent of being able to do just this. In her stories â€Å"Where Is the Voice Coming From†, â€Å"A Visit of Charity† and â€Å"A Worn Path†, Welty uses the reoccuring th Premium 545 Words 3 Pages

Erik Erikson’s 8 Stages of Man Essay

1. Trust vs. Mistrust- This mother displays affection, and adequate care giving to her child. By providing a child with this throughout their first year of life, you show that they can depend on you. This forms a bond of trust between mother and infant, rather than mistrust. 2. Autonomy vs. Doubt- This child is three years old; he has progressed from diapers to the adult sized toilet. After going to the bathroom, he knows he must wash his hands. His mother sees that he wants to do it himself, but is slightly frustrated that he is not tall enough. This mother could just pick him up and assist him, making him feel like he couldn’t do it. She buys him a small step stool, and supervises him washing his hands also providing positive reinforcement. 3. Initiative vs. Guilt- This set of parents notice that their five year old boy greatly enjoys wrestling with his older brothers. They sign him up for karate lessons so he can enjoy himself, but do it in a safe way. 4. Industry vs. Inferiority- A mother is sewing inside her living room. The mother tells her ten year old daughter she is making a scarf. The phone rings, and the mother answers and leaves the room. Her daughter, wanting to be just like mommy, cut up the curtains to make her mother a dress. Her mother re-enters the room, smiling and thanking her daughter for picking such a pretty fabric for her dress. The mother continued to help her make the dress. 5. Identity vs. Identity Confusion- This seventeen year old girl has had a very good life. Her parents have always been supportive in everything she has done. Now that she has reached her adolescence, she believes she might know who she is. Throughout her life, she has taken dance lesson, art class, done musical theatre, painting, singing lessons and many other things in the artistic field. She feels her true passion in life is for art and painting, and she may want to pursue a career in that field. 6. Intimacy vs. Isolation- Now that this woman has reached adulthood, she wants to begin searching for a lifetime partner. She meets a nice man in the mall, though he doesn’t call her for two weeks she doesn’t get discouraged. They go on many dates, become a couple and eventually after two years of dating decide to get married. 7. Generatively vs. Stagnation- After getting married, a man and a woman discuss what they plan to do with their lives. They decide he will continue working, and they want to have a child. She does not want to stay at home forever though, so they agreed that when the time is right she would get a part time job. 8. Integrity vs. Despair- A man is in his late sixties, and gets called an â€Å"old man† for the first time. He realizes that he wasted his whole life working and not enjoying himself, he wants to feel young again. He sells his house in New York and moves to Florida. He finds himself a young girlfriend, and parties like he’s in his twenties again.

The Three Actors Upon Governance †State, Market and Civil society †Government Essay

The Three Actors Upon Governance – State, Market and Civil society – Government Essay Free Online Research Papers The Three Actors Upon Governance State, Market and Civil society Government Essay This essay attempts to offer an explanation and overview of the terms governance, institutions and â€Å"good governance†. Throughout the history the term governance has been associated exclusively to the role of the state ignoring other social factors. Most recent theories offer a very different view of this term, but most stress the relationships between the three actors of governance -state, market and civil society- as necessary requisite to the act of governance. In my understanding governance is the way these actors organise themselves and make decisions according to a set of formal and informal rules that together form institutions. To achieve the perfect governance suggested by the UN is considered an utopia as conflict of interests and failures in the three actor networks arise as regular features of governance making therefore impossible the permanent respect of the Human Rights. Governance and Institutions. 2. 1. Governance. Governance is the process of decision-making which conducts public life in a society and guarantees respect of citizens’ Human Rights, equality in resource distribution and safety. Governance is in charge of the application of the rules of the game which will determine the absence or not of political legitimacy in a country and the population’s quality of life. All actors other than government, the army and the members of the market are put together as part of civil society. In some countries the criminal society has such influence in the decision-making process that may be considered as another actor of governance. Governance is therefore the result of the interactions among state, market and the civil society and function according to a set of rules and norms. Earlier definitions of governance linked this term exclusively to the action of government. Today definitions are wider and cover non-state actors as mentioned before. Rhodes (1997) relates governance with concepts as â€Å"self-organising† and â€Å"interorganisational netwoks†. According to his point of view society is able to organise and govern itself independently of the state and through a process that can be defined as symbiotic as all the members of society need to each other to achieve their aims. The social interactions which result from this exchange process are regulated by a set of rules and how they are applied will determine the level of democracy in societies. This autonomy from the state is the result of concepts such as decentralisation and privatisation of the public services that have transformed present societies. In the words of Rhodes (1997) â€Å"no single actor, public or private, has the sufficient knowledge to dominate ultimately a governing model†. Governance is the result of a social-political-administrative sharing process where state, market and civil society have their own role. The state does not have any more a central role. 2.2. The role of Institutions. So far governance has been described as the way state, market and civil society interact according to a set of norms and rules known as institutions. These are in charge of providing the instruments which make possible such interaction. According to Gorringe (1997) institutions are created as a result of the necessity of improving the co-ordination among the different members of a society, preventing conflicts of interests and supporting cooperativism. A society without institutions or rules of the game would be an anarchist society where lack of organisation may lead to chaos. Two different degrees of formality can be identified within the rules: formal norms (those based on written constitutions, laws, formal contracts, etc.) and informal norms (based on moral rules, unwritten societal codes of conduct, etc). Informal norms have more importance in developing countries for social administration and poverty alleviation given that generally formal institutions are very limited and do not have the necessary structure to carry out its tasks properly (Jutting, 2003). One of the most significant problems that formal and informal rules have to cope with is to find the way to evolve at the same rate. Sometimes the application of formal norms are against the beliefs or established moral norms of a certain society. An example can be taken from China when during the 70’s the state, trying to control the population growth, decided to impose fines to those families that did not respect the limit established in the region on the number of children per family. Th is new norm was imposed in a society where having large families was a very old tradition and has very positive connotations. The scope of work of institutions is very wide and cover all the economic and social aspects of the individual as personal security, property rights, resource distribution, level of freedom, education, etc. The application of the rules of the game needs the pre-condition of the society acceptance of such norms and of the democratic process. However, in reality the people who design these rules and who finally apply them through the governance actions are normally a small part of the society in clear advantage respect the rest of the society members. Therefore they have the chance to shape society according to their own interests. Thus depending on their actions cases of tyranny or societies living in most absolute liberty can be found (Crukshank,1999). 3. Good governance. The concept of â€Å"good governance† has had a lot of different interpretations along the history. At the present moment the most common approaches are those based on the interactions among state, market and civil society. The differences arise when defining how these relationships should make â€Å"good governance† possible. An example of it is showed by Cruikshank (1999) through the different views of two North American authors from the 60’s (Huntington and Wolin) about the interactions between state and civil society and its influence on governance. Whereas the former thinks that the role of the state is in danger when the civil society intervention increases in the political scene – â€Å"too democracy and participation†- the latter, by contrast, sees the danger in limiting the participation of the citizens in the public-political life. Thought the two authors disagree about how governance should be, both of them stress â€Å"an overflow of politics out of the realm of the state and into the realm of the social† (Cruikshank,1999). It is widely thought that a necessary condition for â€Å"good governance† is that the interactions among government, market and civil society should occur under the framework of democracy and the respect of the Human Rights (civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights) as it is described by the United Nation in its Resolution 2000, 64 (UN High Commission for Human Rights). Democracy is not just understood as the citizens chance to participate in the electoral system but it also involves a pluralist political and social system, the integrity of the three governance actors, the legitimacy of the decision-making process and the opportunity for public scrutiny of the actions of those who holds the power (Archer, 2003). Under this framework â€Å"good governance† involves that all members of a society should therefore enjoy safety –against internal and external threats- and freedom to act and express themselves irrespective of their sex, ideology, race or religion. Also they should have equal access to a welfare system covering all their basic needs and providing them with a decent quality of life – not just at subsistence levels-. This â€Å"ideal† model of governance is according to the UN only possible if it takes place under the umbrella of transparency, equity participation of citizens in the decision making process, consensus among all parts involved seeking the best common interests, following of the rule of law, responsiveness to serve all the society members, accountability to the public and institutions and effectiveness and efficiency to meet the society’s needs and protecting the environment (UN ESCAP). In this utopian model of governance every actor has a task to undertake. Thus, the market should create the necessary conditions for fair trade and competitiviness, as well as to maintain the balance between private and public companies to make sure that everybody has the same chances to access to goods and services. According to Archer (2003) the state should be in charge of financial control, good and long-term planning (in economy, infrastructure people,), to provide an equal welfa re and education system and to offer a judicial system which upholds the law without bias. Finally civil society’s should promote co-operativism to eliminate powerful interest bias and to claim political and economic accountability to maintain social equality. But why has no country in the world achieved total â€Å"good governance† if they have the theory and knowledge to do so? The main answer is the existence of conflicts of interests in the decision-making process that make impossible to apply concepts as transparency or consensus and the consistent failure in the respect of the Human Rights leading to situations of inequality among the society’s members. Sometimes is civil society who build barriers to â€Å"good governance† trying to take advantage of the democratic system. An example can be seen in Spain through the continuos outrages committed by the terrorist group ETA against the rest of the Spanish population and the government. They use the arms and threat to impose their rules in a region of the country ideologically divided (Vasc Country). With their actions this group break down the natural interaction which should take place between civil society and state. Also break the consensus between citizens in their claim for a better society. Another factor that could represent a barrier to the model of â€Å"good governance† is that the failure in the functioning of one of the three actors may affect the success of the other two members. For instance, in the case of the market a set of reasons related to lack of effectiveness in the social and government context can lead to market failure. Situations of inequality and conflict of interests can be seen when the state benefits -with reduced taxes, privileged access to capital, guaranteed markets, etc- some companies more than others. The lack of a good education system results in gap knowledge in technology and a consequent poor competitiveness. Finally, an ineffective rule of law could be cause of conflicts, different forms of abuse and the detriment of investments as companies ask for transparent policies to reduce financial risks. In the international sphere Stiglitz (2002) explains a case of unfair trade and political power between US and Bolivia. This was widely discussed in one of the most recent Uruguay Round of trade negotiations as the South American country opened its barriers to allow US to control the traffic of cocaine and was almost eradicated the growth of this in the country -even being the only income of many Bolivian citizens. However, US responded keeping its barriers closed to agricultural products that Bolivian farmers might export. Thus, US used its economic and political power to get better benefits for itself and did not fairly respond to the efforts of Bolivia. Thus, â€Å"good governance† is not possible in developing countries when they are in economic and political disadvantage respect to rich countries. Archer (2003) concludes that â€Å"good governance thesis highlight the fact that there is an overlap between business interests and Human Rights. 4. Conclusion. The UN Commission for Human Right offers a very sensible definition of â€Å"good governance† based on the necessity of the respect of the people’s civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights. Also gives to the three actors of governance the instructions about how they should achieve a more fair society. But the problem is that even having the instruments and the knowledge to do so too many different interests have to be put in common, which is an utopia in a world where advantage sectors take benefits of the differences of power within societies. A society cannot develop properly without the proper functioning of its formal and informal institutions that at the same time have to be designed and applied according to the needs and beliefs of the citizens, not trying to satisfy just the privileged minorities that dominate the interactions among state, market and civil society. The aim of those who holds the power spheres should be to seek equilibrium among the three actors of governance while applying the rules of the game and the maintenance of a democratic network system. To find the right balance is difficult and although some countries get very close to it there is no society in the world which achieved a total â€Å"good governance†. References. Archer, R. (2003). United Nations. Non-Governamental Liason Service. Development dossiers. Market and good governance. unsystem.org/ngls/documents/publications .en/develop.dossier/dd.01/01.htm#02 Viewed February 2004. Cruikshank, B. (1999). The will to empower. Democratic citizens and other subjects. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press. Gorringe, P. (1997). The State and Institutions. The Treasury Wellington New Zealand. www.treasury.govt.nz/gorringe/papers/gp-1997.pdf (Viewed February 2004). Jutting, J. (2003). Institutions and Development: A critical review. OECD. Development Centre. DEV/DOC (2003) 08. Technical papers. No 210. Pgs. 11-12. www.oecd.org.dev/Technics (Viewed February 2004) Rhodes, R. A. W. (1997). Understanding governance. Policy networks, governance, reflexibility and accountability. Buckingham and Philadelphia: Open University Press. Stiglitz, J. (2002). Globalization and its discontents. London and New York: Allen Lane. The Pinguin Press. United Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). www.unescap.org/huset/gg/governance .htm (Viwed February 2004). United Nation Office of the High Commission for Human Rights. Human Rights and Development. unhchr.ch/development/governance-01.html (Viewed February 2004) Research Papers on The Three Actors Upon Governance - State, Market and Civil society - Government EssayBringing Democracy to AfricaPETSTEL analysis of IndiaRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andQuebec and Canada19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraCapital PunishmentEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Comparison: Letter from Birmingham and Crito

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Fayols Concept Management Essay

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Fayols Concept Management Essay Henri Fayol is widely acknowledged as the earliest pioneer and advocate of the task of management Parker and Ritson, 2005 His management theories were first proposed in the early 1900s. Despite many criticisms, Fayol’s theories still form the basis of management practices and teachings in the 21st century. Taking some articles for reference, this essay will mainly analyse the advantages and disadvantages of Fayol’s concept of five functions of management in modern enterprises by some examples. There are about three main parts in this essay beginning with the introduction. And in the main body of this article, based on some academic researches, there are about seven parts discussing the advantages and disadvantages of Fayol’s concept of five functions of management. A conclusion will be made at last. There is no doubt that Fayol is best known for a three-fold contribution to management theory. Among his contributions, the concept of five functions of management i s worth discussing all the time. Fayol identified five key functions of management and these functions of managerial activity are: forecasting and planning, organizing, coordination, command and control. According to Fayol, forecasting involves analyzing the future and drawing a plan of action (Pugh ad Hichson, 2007). And as for organizing, Fayol believed that an organization’s structure was important, as it can facilitate the optimum conduct of its business activities (Pugh and Hichson, 2007). According to Pugh and Hichson (2007), in his original writing, Fayol used the term â€Å"command† to illustrate a manager’s responsibility to lead and direct employees towards the achievement of organizational goals and strategies. About the function of coordination, Fayol made a suggestion that managers should bind together, unify and harmonize all the organization’s activities and efforts. In contemporary management practice, this can be explained into that the m anagers should be responsible for making sure that all the organizational business activities are coordinated to make the employees can unify together within one department or among different departments. The last not the least function of management is control. Fayol recognized the importance of control within an organization and support that it ensures â€Å"everything occurs in conformity with established rules and expressed command†. In the article of â€Å"Fayol-standing the test of time†, McLean (2011) firstly introduced the contents of the five functions of management and stated that in contemporary society, there are some advantages of these functions to development of the enterprises. First, McLean (2011) stated that with the development of globalized knowledge economy, the abilities of forecasting and planning can gain success in the competition. Second, organizing can ask the managers to carry out an appropriate infrastructure, which will optimize the organi zation’s system, resources, procedures, processes and services and enable knowledge to be disseminated to those who need it, when they need it. Third, McLean (2011) also stated that control is one of the most important responsibilities of a manager and under the control of the managers. Under control of the managers, the policies and strategies can be implemented according to plan and within budget, set timescales and allocated resources. Fourth, under the function of command, the managers can develop a thorough knowledge of their employees, which can generate a positive psychological contract that engages employees with their jobs and the organization. What’s more, Fayol’s managerial functions are frequently cited as the inspiration for the contemporary practice of dividing managerial activity (and management textbooks) into the functions of planning, leading, organizing and controlling (Davidson and Griffin, 2000; Lewis, Goodmand and Fandt ,1995).

Critical Reflection Journal. Teachers and activism Essay

Critical Reflection Journal. Teachers and activism - Essay Example The second question illustrates the types of changes realized due to activism; for example, social equality in education process. 1) What is the impact of activism in education sector? 2) What are the categories of changes realized by education activism? Indeed, this article is quite informative. It has equipped me with lots of information about the development and roles of activism in the education sector. Besides, it has enabled me to know much about the reforms that still need to be introduced in education so as to make it accomplish its role of bringing social order in the society. As explained by the author, such transformations are necessary because of â€Å"our changing notions of freedom and the changing relationship between individuals and society and between individuals and government† (p65). During most of the twentieth century â€Å"social democratic liberalism became increasingly dominant as workers, women, and people of color pushed for and were able to extend their personal and political† interest (p 63). Activism has two major applications in the education sector. The first application involves enhancing equality in the education sector. All students must be treated equally, in terms of resource allocation, and instructional processes. Secondly, activism improves the relevance of education objectives and activities in the society. The education curriculum must aim at ensuring the people become self reliant. This is through acquisition of appropriate skills, knowledge and experience. The three critical questions for understanding education activism involve: What is the effectiveness of the education reforms? What is the opinion of the teachers and related education stakeholders on the illustrated education concept? What is the opinion of the parents on the new education concept? The research of the study